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Florence Biennale
The ''Florence Biennale'' is an international self-financed Art exhibition. Since 1997 it has been held every two years in the exhibition spaces of the Fortezza da Basso, Florence. Run by the Arte Studio organisation, the ''Florence Biennale'' is patronised by the President of the Republicand Ministry of Cultural Heritage of Italy as well as the Regional, Provincialand Municipal authorities of the city of Florence. Since 2013 it is also patronised by the Florence Unesco Centre ''onlus''.
The first Art Director of the Florence Biennale to be appointed, in 1997, was the art historian Stefano Francolini. From 1998 to 2005 the Art Director in charge was the art historian and critic John Spike. In 2007 Emanuel von Lauestein Massarani, Secretary of Culture and Superintendent of Cultural Heritage in São Paulo (Brazil), took over. In 2009 and 2011 Stefano Francolini was called up again. In 2013 the Florentine art historian and critic Rolando Bellini was appointed and is currently in charge.
==Structure of the Event==
The ''Florence Biennale'' is one of few international art events structured as a self-financed independent platform for contemporary art. It therefore represents an exhibition system in which participation is based on an individual artist paying to participate, rather than the system of gallery representation common to many other, notable Biennial events. Participation is not constrained by medium or topic of research. The main venue of this one-week exhibition is the Fortezza da Basso, whose exhibition spaces are set up and equipped according to the artist's needs. Starting from the 2013 edition, however, the ''Florence Biennale'' program envisages a series of collateral events taking place in different specific sites of the Florentine Renaissance heritage, including the State Archives and the Riccardiana Library.
Participants are selected by the International Selection Committee composed by historians, critics and curators from around the world. The selection process starts more than a year before the event. There is a participation fee that artists are required to pay to cover the expenses for the exhibition space, catalogue, and advertising. In order to comply with the principles of transparency and equal opportunities, the amount of the participation fee is expressly stated by the ''Florence Biennale.'' The criteria based on which it is determined, which means number of works displayed and age of the exhibiting artist, is also stated clearly in their prospects. The majority of the artists cover the cost of the participation fee as well as the travel and accommodation expenses with their own funds or with sponsorships. A restricted number of guest artists are invited to participate free of charge. Early-career artists have the opportunity to meet them, and also to attend workshops and seminars offered to young talents and students of the Art Institutes and Art Academies. As is common at some galleries, museums, and art events, the audience pays to view the exhibition.
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